Journal of value creating in Business Management

Abstract Abstract The present study aims to investigate the role of demand management strategies in company sustainability and company performance with the mediating role of supply chain sustainability. This research is applicable in terms of purpose, and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research includes all the managers of the companies that distribute livestock inputs in the country (300 people), the census sampling method is available, which is obtained by using a questionnaire, which includes four dimensions of supply chain sustainability, demand management strategies, company sustainability and the performance of the company. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling method based on partial least squares method, and data analysis of this research was done using Smart PLS version 3 software. The results show that demand management strategies affect the sustainability and performance of the company. It was also found that the stability of the supply chain affects the stability of the company. The mediating role of supply chain sustainability on demand management strategies and company performance was proved. Introduction The issue of performance has made researchers and users think for years. In the past, commercial organizations only used financial indicators as a performance evaluation tool. But in the recent years, broader definitions have been proposed in this field; some researchers defined performance as work results, because it has the strongest link with financial goals and revenues, some others consider performance only as the results obtained and another groups consider it a behavior (Rezaian fardoie et al, 2023). It seems that the new definitions are more consistent with the performance of companies, because the emerging eras in the current time not only help companies in terms of performance, cost reduction, increased transparency, sustainability and efficiency (Iqbal et al, 2021), rather, companies should try to create stability and homogenization of the demand for their products and services, considering sustainability as a necessity, today a sustainable service is able to meet customer demands without any destructive impact on the natural and social environment. Therefore, companies should try to provide profitable products and services continuously, this will help the sustainability of the company (Rajani et al, 2022). One of the factors affecting the sustainability of the company is the stable demand for the products. Companies can influence the demand through demand management strategies, which is one of the important aspects of achieving the desired results (Iqbal et al., 2021). In fact, demand management strategies, along with supply chain stability, try to reduce supply chain challenges and disruptions, these disruptions have serious consequences in the financial affairs, market and operational performance of the company (Ebrahimi et al, 2021). Therefore, this research seeks to answer the question: does the demand management strategy affect the sustainability and performance of the company with the mediating role of supply chain sustainability? Theoretical framework Company performance Organizational performance includes the actual outputs and consequences of an organization's activities, measured in comparison with inputs. In other words, organizational performance refers to how the organization's missions, tasks, and activities are performed, along with their results (Muzammil, 2022). Corporate sustainability:  Corporate sustainability is an approach aimed at creating long-term value for the organization's stakeholders through an environmentally friendly business strategy. In this approach, it is tried to focus on economic, cultural, social, environmental and moral dimensions. Also, long-term goals should not be sacrificed to achieve short-term goals. (Ashrafi et al, 2020) Demand management strategies: They are strategies that influence and control the way of managing demand, how to monitor and manage customer demand. These strategies include understanding what your customers want, as well as the plans necessary to meet those demands. These strategies help you plan and manage future demand and make sure you take the right actions to meet it (Mariano-Hernández et al, 2023). Supply chain sustainability: Supply chain sustainability is the impact that a company's supply chain can have in promoting human rights, fair labor practices, environmental progress, and anti-corruption policies. There is a growing need to integrate sustainable choices in supply chain management (Anindito, 2021). Salimi (2024) in a research conducted under the title of investigating the relationship between performance on company sustainability and cost of capital by explaining the mediating role of company risk on companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, reached the following results: the results indicate that there is an inverse significant relationship between the performance and sustainability of the company with the cost of capital. Also, the mediating role of risk in the relationship between the performance and sustainability of the company and the cost of capital was confirmed. Also, this research determined that there is a significant relationship between the performance and sustainability of the company. Rajani et al, (2022) in a research titled the role of demand management strategies in the sustainability of the service industry and the impact on company performance: using the structural equation modeling approach in the geographical region of India, have reached the following results: green human resource management practices (Human Resource Management) can help organizations align their business strategies with the supply chain and sourcing environment. Also, the results show that hiring and training based on green human resources have significant effects on the sustainability of the supply chain and sourcing. This means that in order to achieve sustainability, human resource managers must prioritize environmentally friendly sourcing. This knowledge should be transferred to the employees hired during the recruitment process. Research methodology The current research aims to investigate the role of demand management strategies in company sustainability and company performance with the mediating role of supply chain sustainability. This research is applicable in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling method based on partial least squares method and data analysis of this research was done using Smart PLS version 3 software. The tool used to collect data is a standard questionnaire. The statistical population of this research includes all the managers of livestock input distribution companies (300 people), the census sampling method is available. The findings of this research show a significant relationship between demand management strategies on sustainability and company performance. The questionnaire of this research is taken from the researches of Agyabeng-Mensah (2020) in the field of supply chain sustainability, Rajani et al, (2022) in the field of demand management strategy, Saunila et al, (2022) in the field of company sustainability, Zhang et al, (2019) ) in the field of company performance, and 5 options are used from the Likert scale. This questionnaire includes questionnaires of supply chain sustainability (3 questions), demand management strategies (4 questions), company sustainability (3 questions), company performance (6 questions); each of which has its own subcategories, and the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 30 experts. and its reliability was calculated by CVI and CVR method; the CVI value of the above questionnaire is 85%, and the CVR value is equal to 51%. The results of data analysis were done through the structural equation model by SMART PLS version 3. Research findings The results show that according to the obtained t, it can be concluded that demand management strategies have an effect on sustainability (7.557) and company performance (16.315). It was also found that the stability of the supply chain affects the stability of the company. The mediating role of supply chain sustainability on demand management and sustainability strategies (with a value of 0.439) and company performance (with a value of 0.352) was proved. Conclusion: The results of research hypotheses using the structural equation model showed that supply chain sustainability plays a partial mediating role between the impact of demand management strategies on both sustainability (0.439) and company performance (0.352). Also, demand management strategies affect the sustainability of the supply chain. According to the results, the value of t in the model of the role of demand management strategies in the stability of the company with the mediating role of supply chain stability is equal to 63.993 and in the model of the role of demand management strategies on the performance of the company with the mediating role of supply chain stability is equal to 61.054, which is higher than the value of 1.96, and at the 95% confidence level it can be said that demand management strategies have a significant effect on both sustainability and company performance. The results of many previous researches confirm this issue (Rajani et al, 2022, Govindan et al, 2020, Bag et al, 2021). Govindan et al, (2020) has addressed the topics of demand management and supply chain sustainability, Bag et al, (2021) to supply chain sustainability on performance, and Rajani et al, (2022) the supply chain strategies on the sustainability of the company. In order to increase the sustainability of the company, it is suggested to the government to put more emphasis on environmental sustainability, social sustainability and economic sustainability, and give incentives in this field to industries and importers. In order to increase the company's performance, managers should have a special focus on financial ratios such as return on assets, return on equity, and net profit. Also, these managers should be sensitive to marketing and sales indicators such as sales growth and manage it properly.

Abstract Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of active market proactiveness on business performance with the mediating role of product innovation and knowledge sharing among handicraft producers in Iraq. This research was carried out with an applicable purpose and a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of this research included 300 managers of local businesses or handicrafts in Iraq, non-probability method was used for sampling, and 169 people were evaluated and measured based on Morgan's table. In this research, a questionnaire was used to collect data, and its face validity and content validity were confirmed by experts. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, confirmatory analysis of convergent and divergent validity was performed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability were used to measure reliability, which showed good reliability of the tool. In order to analyze the data, partial least squares method and PLS3 Smart statistical software were used, and the results showed that all the hypotheses were confirmed, and it was stated that active market proactiveness has an effect on business performance, and also the effect of active proactiveness with the mediating role of product innovation and knowledge sharing on performance was also confirmed. And the mediating role of market proactiveness and product innovation on business performance was also confirmed.
Introduction
Handicrafts are products that originate from the skill and creativity of centuries-old traditions. The artisans involved in making these works of art have unique talents and taste that have been passed down to them from their ancestors for centuries. In this regard, Iraq is considered as the second country with oil reserves and the use of these oil resources has transformed the country's economy into a unipolar structure. However, developing countries should gradually reduce the policy of exporting raw materials and move towards the export of value-added products. Therefore, business operators in Iraq are required to improve their performance and adapt to the changing needs of the market. These conditions and challenges force organizations to create innovative ideas and changes in their thinking paradigm and working methods (Mejri et al, 2018).
Thus, this study seeks to improve the performance of businesses producing local products (handicrafts) in Iraq and requires a market-oriented approach in order to encourage knowledge sharing and product innovation. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of market activity on the performance of businesses, emphasizing the mediating role of product innovation and knowledge sharing during the pandemic in businesses producing local products and handicrafts in Iraq. By conducting such research, the business performance of domestic products can be improved, which requires a market orientation to encourage knowledge exchange and product innovation, so that local products (handicrafts) in Iraq can better maintain their shelf life. Therefore, the main question of this research is: does market activism have an effect on business performance in this field in Iraq? Also, is the relationship between business performance and the mediation of product innovation and knowledge sharing observable during the pandemic?
Theoretical framework
Product innovation encompasses changes in production processes, supply, packaging, and... It is one of the biggest challenges that companies and organizations face today, as there may not be a product on the market that solves the problem, or there may be other products on the market that behave differently. On the other hand, new or improved services, new product production, or response to foreign consumer or market needs are referred to as product innovation (Arabshahi & Abbaszadeh, 2023). Performance is a general term for some or all of the actions or activities of an organization over a period of time, along with reference to a number of standards such as past or projected costs and is a basis for efficiency that is also defined as the success of personnel, teams, or organizational units in achieving predetermined strategic goals with expected behavior (Yaskun, 2021). Market orientation is defined as an organizational culture that includes a set of shared beliefs and values about customers among organizational members and defines the customer as the main factor in business planning (Broujali, 2022). Knowledge sharing is an ongoing process of transferring organizational experiences and knowledge to business processes through communication channels between individuals, groups, and organizations. This knowledge sharing occurs when individuals actively share their professional knowledge or experience with others to teach them new ideas or thoughts (Yeboah, 2023).
Santos et al., (2023) conducted a study entitled "The Use of Management Controls and Product Innovation in Startups: The Intervention of Knowledge Sharing and Technological Turbulence". The study showed that informal controls and non-financial metrics are used for product innovation, while budget information and cost information are not directly related to product innovation. As technological turbulence increases, budget information becomes more directly related to the innovation process. Informal controls are directly related to knowledge sharing.
Arabshahi et al., (2022) conducted a study entitled "The Impact of Top Management Knowledge Value on Knowledge Sharing Practices, Open Innovation, and Organizational Performance", and the results of their findings showed that top management knowledge value has a positive effect on knowledge sharing practices, open innovation, and organizational performance.
Methodology
The current research is descriptive and applicable in terms of nature, and correlational and survey in terms of nature and type. The statistical population of this research is 300 managers of domestic businesses or handicrafts in Iraq. In the sampling method, since there was no access to the information of managers of local businesses or handicrafts in Iraq, a non-probability method was used for sampling; and 169 people were evaluated and measured based on Morgan's table. Collecting data was carried out by both library and field method. In the field part of the research, to collect data from the studied sample; Cantaleano et al, (2018) questionnaire to measure the variable of market activism, Azeem et al, (2021) questionnaire for knowledge sharing, Zaefarian et al, (2017) questionnaire for product innovation, and Wahyuni et al, (2019) for business performance were used.
Discussion and Results
The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and SmartPLS statistical software, and the mediating variables in this study were also measured using the Sobel test. The results of the research hypothesis showed that the market proactiveness index has a positive effect on business performance with a coefficient of 2.919 at a 95% confidence level in small handicraft manufacturing companies in Iraq. The results of the second hypothesis showed that the market proactiveness index has a positive effect on knowledge sharing with a coefficient of 19.966 at the 95% confidence level in small handicraft manufacturing companies in Iraq. The results of the third hypothesis showed that the market proactiveness index has a positive effect on product innovation with a coefficient of 13.215 at the 95% confidence level in small handicraft manufacturing companies in Iraq. The fourth hypothesis is that knowledge sharing has a positive effect on business performance with a coefficient of 3.043 at the 95% confidence level in small handicraft manufacturing companies in Iraq. The fifth hypothesis showed that product innovation has a positive effect on business performance with a coefficient of 3.917 at the 95% confidence level in small handicraft manufacturing companies in Iraq. The sixth hypothesis showed that knowledge sharing has the relationship between market proactiveness and performance. Therefore, the indirect effect of market activism on business performance is significant and its coefficient is equal to 0.149 × 0.723 = 0.107. As a result, the Sobel test is used for the significance of the effect of the mediating variable, and the value of z = 3.008 was obtained, which is more than 1.96. Therefore, knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between market proactiveness on the performance of small handicraft manufacturing companies in Iraq. The seventh hypothesis of product innovation is the relationship between market activism on performance. The indirect effect of market proactiveness on business performance is significant and its coefficient is equal to 0.254 = 0.676 × 0.376. Also, the Seville test is used for the significance of the effect of the mediating variable. Here, the value of z = 3.755 was obtained, which is more than 1.96. As a result, product innovation mediates the relationship between market proactiveness on the performance of small handicraft manufacturing companies in Iraq.
Conclusion
The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of active market proactiveness on business performance with the mediating role of product innovation and knowledge sharing among handicraft producers in Iraq. This finding is in line with the findings of researchers such as Wurjaningrum & Hartami (2020), Christa & Kristinae (2021), Yaskun (2021), Santos et al, (2023), Aiti Mehr et al, (2021), Singh et al, (2021) and Febrianti & Herbert (2022). In today's dynamic business world, the survival and success of small businesses, especially in the field of crafts, requires an active and dynamic approach to the market, knowledge and innovation. To compete in turbulent markets, business operators must have the expertise and ability to create unique and different domestic products to attract customers' interest. Market-oriented knowledge development contributes to resource efficiency and encourages product innovation, which leads to improved business performance. Creating an interactive atmosphere to identify the needs of loyal customers, understand market trends and respond to the hidden needs of customers can also increase the company's sales. The ability to innovate in business-related products and create diverse organizational capabilities allows for improved business performance of new products. As time passes and needs change, old products become obsolete and cannot meet current needs. Elements of innovation enable products to best match the needs of today's consumers. In this regard, knowledge sharing can also increase organizational opportunities and capabilities and help create superior competitive products. This approach leads to improving the efficiency of resources and maintaining the competitive advantage of the business.

Abstract Abstract The primary aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the complex relationship patterns among stakeholders within the artificial intelligence ecosystem of Iran’s automotive industry, and to precisely identify the loci of power concentration, interest misalignments, and potential capacities for strategic convergence. To this end, a mixed‑method (qualitative–quantitative) research design grounded in futures studies was employed. In the first phase, through a systematic literature review and expert panel consultations with industry and academic specialists, 48 key stakeholders along with their core objectives were identified. In the second phase, the required quantitative data were collected through standardized impact–influence matrices and actor–objective position matrices, and subsequently analyzed by the mathematical model implemented in the MACTOR software. The findings from the internal analysis indicate that the network structure is highly unbalanced; specifically, 66.7% of stakeholders fall within the “strategic isolation” quadrant, while the only actor positioned in a state of “mutual dependence” is the automotive manufacturing sector. Conversely, the external analysis reveals the formation of a powerful coalition within the industrial–governmental bloc (including automakers; the Ministry of ICT; the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade; and the military sector), primarily aligned around hardware‑driven objectives such as infrastructure development and data security. In contrast, actors such as media, universities, and civil society organizations exhibit minimal convergence with these strategic objectives. Introduction Today, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a significant driving force across various industries (Soleymanpoor et al., 2025). This transformative technology plays a pivotal role, particularly in the automotive industry—a sector recognized as a leading economic engine in many nations. AI not only optimizes manufacturing processes and supply chains but also facilitates the design of innovative products such as autonomous vehicles and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) (Tripathi et al., 2024). Furthermore, AI-driven smart after-sales services have enhanced customer satisfaction and operational efficiency (Mehta et al., 2024). Nevertheless, AI remains an emerging phenomenon within the automotive technological ecosystem; its sustainable development, involving diverse stakeholders with multifaceted objectives, necessitates rigorous investigation (Pourshahabi, 2023). Stakeholder interactions within technological ecosystems are critical dimensions of their development and success. These ecosystems comprise complex networks of relationships among organizations, individuals, and resources involved in the creation, production, and commercialization of new technologies (Tripathi et al., 2024). Deciphering these relationships—including the identification of key stakeholders, their goals, and their interaction patterns—is a fundamental necessity for managers and policymakers. Through a meticulous analysis of these relations, more effective strategies can be formulated for resource allocation, collaboration facilitation, and risk management (Khizar et al., 2025). Moreover, examining the structures and dynamics governing these ecosystems can foster open innovation, improve organizational performance, and enhance global competitiveness (Iglesias-Sánchez et al., 2022). Ultimately, managing stakeholder relations in technological ecosystems contributes to sustainable development and value creation for all participants (Li et al., 2022). Addressing stakeholder relations is essential because technological ecosystems represent interconnected clusters of agents collaborating to advance innovation and technological growth (Reiter et al., 2024). Understanding these relationships assists policymakers in leveraging the ecosystem’s full potential by creating efficient and effective policy environments (Grimm & Walz, 2024). Identifying the mutual interests and objectives of diverse stakeholders—including technology firms, academia, investors, and the government—enables the formulation of strategies that encourage collaboration and innovation while mitigating dysfunctional competition (Hayatmehr et al., 2025). In the contemporary era, the automotive industry has undergone a paradigm shift from a purely mechanical domain to a “software-centric” and “intelligent” industry. This transition is fraught with fundamental challenges and conflicts of interest among stakeholders. The current status quo reflects a “strategic rift” between the various layers of this ecosystem. On one hand, large automakers, characterized by traditional and bureaucratic structures, often resist the agile transformations necessitated by AI. On the other hand, the innovation landscape and AI firms face obstacles such as lack of access to automakers’ operational data, absence of sustainable cash flow, and a void of transparent regulatory standards. Consequently, these challenges have prompted the researcher to address the following core question: What is the nature of stakeholder relations within the AI ecosystem of Iran’s automotive industry? Theoretical Foundations Technology Ecosystem A technology ecosystem is a complex and multidimensional concept referring to a network of activities, actors, and technologies that operate in a coordinated and interdependent manner to generate innovation and create value (Hayatmehr et al., 2025). The origin of this concept dates back to the past two decades, coinciding with the growing attention of scholars and managers to the development and management of inter-organizational relationships and technology-driven activities. Specifically within the domain of digital technologies, the ecosystem concept is employed to facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship, benefiting from advanced developments such as blockchain and financial technologies (Hijriah et al., 2024; Kitsantas & Chytis, 2022). Soleymanpoor et al. (2025) examined the development of a model for identifying factors influencing the socialization of artificial intelligence technologies. Their study, applied in purpose and quantitative in method, was conducted as a descriptive–survey research design. The results indicated that both independent and dependent variables had a direct, positive, and statistically significant relationship. Rostam Zadeh Ganji et al. (2025) explored a model for developing cognitive trust among employees in the context of artificial intelligence. Their findings revealed that causal factors—including transparency, training and awareness‑building, ethical alignment, and the definition of shared roles and objectives—alongside contextual factors such as organizational culture and resources, as well as intervening factors like employee resistance and system complexity, all contribute to shaping cognitive trust. Additionally, strategies such as employee training and empowerment were identified as key tools for enhancing human–machine interaction. Research Methodology This study is applicable in purpose, and qualitative‑analytical in nature, employing a futures studies approach combined with stakeholder analysis. The core methodological framework is grounded in actor‑based analysis and designed using the strategic MACTOR model. To this end, key stakeholders and the strategic objectives of the artificial intelligence ecosystem in Iran’s automotive industry were initially identified through a systematic review of policy documents and relevant literature. Subsequently, the required data were collected by means of a specialized questionnaire and based on the insights of an expert panel comprising technical specialists, industrial managers, and policymakers selected through purposive sampling. The final analysis was conducted by constructing matrices of mutual influence and actor–objective positions (3MAO), enabling the extraction of levels of influence, dependency, and strategic coalitions among the actors. Research Findings The findings of this study indicate that the network structure is highly unbalanced, with most stakeholders positioned in isolation, while primary power and bilateral interactions are concentrated exclusively within the automotive manufacturing institutions. This configuration stems from a predominantly top‑down managerial orientation and limited cross‑sectoral collaboration. In fact, a strong coalition has formed among industrial, governmental, and defense‑related sectors, whose central focus is confined to hardware‑oriented and security‑driven issues, whereas academic, media, and civil stakeholders possess minimal influence within this ecosystem. Therefore, overcoming this condition requires governance mechanisms to be reformed through legal and economic incentives that would enable private‑sector and academic actors to integrate more effectively into the core of power and decision‑making. Discussion and Conclusion According to the findings of the influence matrix, although professional drivers operate within the operational layer, their direct impact on macro‑level policymaking is estimated to be zero. Nevertheless, their central objective is “reducing human error and increasing safety in long‑distance driving.” The analysis reveals that shareholders are among the most powerful economic actors. Their primary focus lies in “profit maximization” and “improving financial returns.” This result is fully consistent with the findings of Kanani et al. (2023) and Laskin & D’Agostino (2024), who argue that the main driver behind the adoption of artificial intelligence in the automotive industry in developing countries is not environmental concerns, but rather the reduction of operational costs and the enhancement of the financial attractiveness of automotive firms. The public expresses a diverse set of concerns, including “improving safety” and “data security.” The results show that society views AI as a tool for promoting fairness in mobility and reducing accidents. This perspective aligns with Karimlou & Zakeri (2020), who emphasized the role of “public trust” derived from enhanced safety. The findings also indicate that startups, due to their very low influence, have not yet secured their true position within the Iranian automotive industry. Their limited focus on “autonomous vehicle technologies” reflects the significant barriers to entering this highly exclusive market. This result corresponds with the concerns raised by Kolekar et al. (2021) regarding the “gap between innovative ideas and the production lines of large manufacturers”. Suppliers predominantly focus on “profit maximization” and “specialized human resources.” Automakers, with the highest overall scores, serve as the principal compass of the industry. They occupy leading positions across all indicators, including “profit,” “competitiveness,” and even “data security.” This concentration of power is consistent with Castells’ Network Society theory (2010), which posits that the central nodes of a network control the greatest flow of data and resources. Banks constitute key players in financing large‑scale AI projects. Their primary orientation toward “profit generation” and “infrastructure development” supports the premise presented by Kanani et al. (2023), who argued that without financial intermediary institutions, the transition from a traditional automotive industry to an intelligent one would face severe liquidity challenges. Technology companies, however, occupy a significantly lower‑than‑expected position within the ecosystem. Their limited emphasis on “infrastructure development” and “human resources” suggests that the technical sector has not yet been fully integrated into the value chain of large automakers. This finding markedly differs from the Karimlou & Zakeri (2020) model, in which technology companies (such as Tesla or NVIDIA) constitute the primary driving forces. Municipalities act as “urban infrastructure facilitators.” Their balanced focus on “supporting innovation” and “infrastructure development” illustrates the strong dependence of autonomous vehicle implementation on the progress of smart city initiatives. This result aligns with Kanani et al. (2023), who emphasized that without physical urban infrastructure—such as smart traffic lights—automotive AI alone cannot be effective. The Traffic Police (Law Enforcement) shows the highest level of concern regarding “safety” (and “human resources”). The findings suggest that this institution views AI as a tool for enhancing traffic discipline, which corresponds with the results reported by Kanani et al. (2023). The Environmental Protection Organization achieves the highest score on the “environmental protection” indicator. This is consistent with Murphy & Navani (2024), who argued that AI, through route optimization and reduced fuel consumption, represents one of the few viable solutions for alleviating pollution in large metropolitan areas. The Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution primarily contributes to “foresight” and “cultural impact assessments”. Its emphasis on “human capital development” and “data security/privacy” reflects concerns about the ethical dimensions of advanced technologies. The Judiciary plays a vital role in “developing legal frameworks”, and is expected to become the primary stakeholder in addressing legal cases related to autonomous vehicles. This finding corresponds with the challenges discussed by Kanani et al.

Abstract Abstract This research systematically reviews the literature on ambidexterity strategies in the development of the digital economy. The main questions addressed are: What is the current state of knowledge in this field and related studies? What research proposals can advance the understanding of ambidexterity in the context of digital economy development? The philosophy of this research is interpretive, aligning with the application of ambidexterity in industries and companies focusing on the development of the digital economy. An inductive, qualitative approach is adopted, analyzing research articles from the Web of Science database using a systematic literature review method. The bibliometric analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines, covering 114 articles and employing VOSviewer software for analysis. The findings indicate that, given the upward trend in the number of studies in recent years, this field is experiencing scientific growth. Based on the results, five clusters emerge in the word analysis diagram: (1) organizational ambidexterity, dynamic capabilities, market orientation, digital economy, big data, and absorptive capacity; (2) ambidexterity, Industry 4.0, information technology, innovation, organizational agility, strategic alignment; (3) competitive advantage, digital transformation, resource-based view; (4) exploration, exploitation; and (5) sustainability. Introduction The turbulence and complexity of today's business environment have increased significantly. The number of influencing factors has grown, and their rate of change has accelerated. Under such conditions, the future becomes ambiguous and unpredictable, with environmental trends and opportunities remaining unstable. This increasing turbulence reduces the stability and predictability of the future. Consequently, traditional approaches to strategic planning, in a world where key variables are constantly changing and difficult to predict, have low validity and reliability. In this environment, organizations require new mental models to make dynamic strategic decisions and translate them into strategic changes. Preparedness, responsiveness, and strategic flexibility are crucial components for dealing with turbulence and complexity. Organizations must generate and test ideas, learning from their decisions and the environment, to carve a path to competitive advantage. Possessing an adaptive advantage, in addition to a competitive one, is essential. Economic enterprises must continuously analyze the environment, identify drivers of change, and examine the macro and micro trends these drivers create in the broader environment and industry. They should develop related scenarios and subsequently analyze their key capabilities and competencies. Identifying resource and capability gaps to face the future is essential. Through strategic planning, they can move toward adaptability to the evolving environment (Harandi et al., 2024). An organization's ability to maintain a competitive advantage by leveraging existing capabilities while simultaneously innovating and acquiring new competencies is crucial for survival. The concept that organizations must continuously explore new opportunities and exploit existing assets to remain resilient in complex and turbulent environments is significant in organizational literature. Achieving a balance between exploration and exploitation is a prerequisite for resilience and sustainability in modern organizations. The capacity to manage and balance creative destruction and innovation with the exploitation of existing resources is essential for businesses in the digital domain (Harandi et al., 2024). This article addresses the depth and body of knowledge regarding ambidextrous strategy in the context of these discontinuities. By reviewing the literature on ambidextrous strategy within these discontinuities, we clarify future research areas. Therefore, this article's contribution lies in explaining the knowledge structure of this field and proposing areas for future research. Given the above points and the growth of studies in ambidexterity, the theoretical gap addressed by this research is the lack of a systematic and coherent study of the body of knowledge in this field within the context of the digital economy. Accordingly, the main objective of this research is to systematically review the literature on ambidextrous strategy in the development of the digital economy. This involves a systematic review of existing literature on the use of ambidextrous strategy in addressing environmental discontinuities caused by digital transformation, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and the development of the digital economy. This study is centered around the following questions: What is the configuration and body of knowledge regarding ambidextrous strategy in the context of the digital economy? What research proposals can advance the body of knowledge in ambidexterity within digital economy development? Which aspects of ambidexterity have received more attention, and which could be subjects for further research? Subsequently, we have endeavored to extract suggestions for future research. Theoretical Framework Digital Economy The development of the digital economy has led to significant transformations in the economic structure of society, bringing about fundamental changes. One notable example is the shift in financing methods for businesses and ideas. Most traditional companies heavily rely on personal financing from their owners and sometimes meet financial needs through bank loans. Except for a few exceptions, these companies experience low growth rates and take decades to reach their peak. However, in the digital age, the widespread use of the Internet has provided two important tools for startups: crowdfunding and collective creativity. These tools, along with financing through joint venture capital investments, increase the likelihood of success for new companies aiming to leverage emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence in competition with giants like Google, Amazon, or Facebook. Additionally, changes in the competitive structure are observable. Companies have accumulated competitive advantages to stay at the top of the competition, but significant technological advancements can fundamentally change the competitive landscape and eliminate such advantages. Another fundamental change is that innovative ideas no longer only emerge from expensive laboratories with heavy investments. Instead, garages, small offices in incubators, and accelerators are generating new ideas and disruptive businesses just as effectively as academic settings. Today, many advanced countries recognize the importance of these workspaces and are making significant efforts to stimulate and encourage technological innovation (Makridakis, 2017). Ambidexterity Tushman first introduced the concept of ambidexterity in the context of organizational structures for innovation. March, Tushman, and O'Reilly expanded on this in the field of organizational learning, proposing two methods—exploration and exploitation—for optimal resource utilization. Ambidexterity refers to an organization's ability to exploit current capabilities while simultaneously exploring future opportunities (Alghamdi, 2018). As environmental changes occur, the relative fit of business subunits within a company fluctuates, prompting senior managers to reconfigure and reallocate resources to adapt. This approach, known as dynamic capabilities, emphasizes the key role of strategic leadership in appropriately adapting, integrating, and reconfiguring organizational skills and resources to match changing environments (O'Reilly III et al., 2009). A company's ability to be ambidextrous is at the core of dynamic capabilities. Ambidexterity requires senior managers to perform two critical tasks: first, to accurately understand changes in their competitive environment, including potential shifts in technology, competition, customers, and regulations; second, to respond to these opportunities and threats by reconfiguring tangible and intangible assets to address new challenges (O'Reilly III & Tushman, 2011). Methodology The philosophy of this research is interpretive, aiming to develop the application of ambidexterity in industries and companies within the theme of developing the digital economy. The research adopts an inductive, qualitative approach, utilizing research articles from the Web of Science database. It employs a systematic literature review method using bibliometric techniques, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines, and is analyzed with VOS viewer software. The PRISMA statement, first published in 2009, was designed to help systematic review authors transparently report why the review was conducted, what was done, and what was found. Over the past decade, advancements in systematic review methodology and terminology have necessitated an update to the guidelines. The PRISMA 2020 statement replaces the 2009 statement and includes new reporting guidance reflecting advances in methods for identifying, selecting, evaluating, and synthesizing studies. The structure and presentation of items have been revised to facilitate implementation (Page et al., 2021). Discussion and Results The Web of Science database was used to extract relevant studies. Initially, only research articles published with the two keywords "ambidexterity" and "digital economy" were retrieved, totaling only 16 articles. This small number indicates that this area requires more scholarly attention. The figure below shows the output of the keyword frequency analysis in these articles. Subsequently, the search results were input into VOSviewer software to visualize the connections. Out of 642 keywords, 64 were repeated at least four times. To make a more informed selection, 18 keywords with significant semantic relevance to the content of the articles and the existing literature were chosen for relational analysis. The remaining keywords, based on the literature review and article analysis, were not necessarily relevant to the field under study. Since the time range of the published articles was not limited, this research included the most up-to-date studies available in the Web of Science database. The publication trend also shows an upward trajectory. The chart below illustrates the keyword frequency analysis from the search using the keywords "ambidexterity" in conjunction with "digital transformation," "digital economy," and "Industry 4.0" from the Web of Science database. Discussion and Conclusion In addition to the keywords, five clusters are observed in the keyword analysis chart: (1) organizational ambidexterity, dynamic capabilities, market orientation, digital economy, big data, and absorptive capacity; (2) ambidexterity, Industry 4.0, information technology, innovation, organizational agility, and strategic alignment; (3) competitive advantage, digital transformation, resource-based view; (4) exploration, exploitation; and (5) sustainability. Although other keywords could have appeared in this analysis based on their frequency, the items shown were filtered to highlight their importance and to indicate their frequency and relationships for future discussions. These clusters have revealed important keywords that seem to require separate studies on their connections with the three main topics of "digital transformation," "Industry 4.0," and "digital economy." It is suggested that these areas be the subjects of future 

Abstract Abstract
The purpose of the current research is to provide a model of ecotourism and sustainable tourism development with an emphasis on foreign exchange and economic development of Qeshm Island. The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of its implementation. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes 19 experts, including managers and experts in the field of tourism, hoteliers, travel agencies, tours and ecotours; by means of the snowball sampling method, and in the quantitative section, it includes 244 employees of the Cultural Heritage Organization, handicrafts and tourism of Qeshm Free Zone. Data collection in the qualitative part was done using semi-structured interviews of the members of the statistical community, and data collection in the quantitative part was done through a questionnaire. In the data analysis of the qualitative part, the coding process in the MAXQDA 2018 software was used, and in the quantitative part, SPSS 16 and AMOS software were used; and the data was analyzed using the factor analysis method. The results in the qualitative section showed that 207 interview codes, 68 subcategories, and 14 categories were extracted. Causal factors include cultural and social factors, the potential of Qeshm Island for tourism and economic and political factors, background features including geographical location, capacity and potential facilities of Qeshm and geosites, intervening conditions including lack of strategy and proper planning and infrastructural problems as well as strategies and interactions include goal-setting and strategy determination to achieve the goal, education and culture building, and providing suitable infrastructure for tourism. The results of quantitative analysis show the significance of measurement models and structural equations at the confidence level of 95%.
Extended Abstract                                          
Introduction
Ecotourism generally refers to tourism activities that are environmentally accountable and whose purpose is to protect the environment, improve people's knowledge about the environment, and local economic development. (Buckley, 2009) Ecotourism is usually related to natural areas and wild environments, and protects natural resources and wild species, and promotes the local economy (De Grosbois & Fennell, 2021). Ecotourism has become an integral part of tourism to increase awareness about environmental protection and reduce the negative effects of tourism while using sustainable natural and cultural tourism attractions (Darda & Bhuiyan, 2022). Sustainable development is a new concept that was formed after the industrial revolution and the problems created in connection with the industrialization of cities and the technological development of cities and the economic, cultural, political and social connection and special attention to ecological considerations (Masrouri Jannett & Falahat, 2016). Sustainable tourism is a sustainable method in the tourism industry and looks at all the effects of tourism, either positive or negative, with the aim of maximizing positive effects and minimizing negative effects (Mohammed, 2022). Ecotourism is a sustainable alternative to degraded livelihoods around protected areas in developing countries, and its contribution to poverty reduction is evident in terms of employment and income generation. As a result, studies of ecotourism partnerships evaluating have traditionally focused on the accumulation and distribution of economic benefits (Agyeman et al, 2019). Based on the said material, the researcher is trying to answer the question: How are ecotourism and sustainable tourism development with an emphasis on foreign exchange and economic development of Qeshm Island?
Theoretical framework
Tourism and ecotourism
Tourism is an economic and social activity that includes the travel and stay of people in places and areas outside of their residence. This activity includes observing tourist attractions, culture and entertainment in different destinations. Tourism can help the economic and cultural development of different regions and play an important role in creating jobs and increasing local income (Camilleri, 2018). Ecotourism is considered as a branch of tourism that focuses on environmental protection, sustainable development and promotion of local economy. Ecotourism pays attention to natural areas and pristine environments and tries to preserve them. This type of tourism emphasizes social and environmental responsibility and emphasizes the direct relationship with local communities and the protection of natural resources (Fennell, 2014).
Sustainable Development
Development and sustainability is one of the relatively new concepts in the world development literature, and was first used in the United Nations Summit under the title of Human Environment in Stockholm in 1372. Sustainability is an effort to achieve the best results in human and natural environment programs that are carried out for the present and unlimitedly for the future. Sustainability is a local, sensible, cooperative, and balanced process; performed in a balanced ecological environment, without export its problems to the surrounding areas or leave them on the shoulders of future generations (Asadiyan, 2023).
Currency exchange production and economic development
Currency production means less import and more export of goods and services. Economic development means increasing production, employment, welfare and economic growth. These two concepts are directly related to each other (Cypher, 2014).
Ruzbeh et al, (2023) investigated the presentation of the green governance model with a sustainable development approach in the health system (the case study of hospitals in Kerman city). The research findings showed that the causal factors include: balanced and integrated management, service provision, and financial resources; background factors Include: legal environment, political environment, cultural and social environment, and technology; intervention factors include: government policies; management of change strategies include: green governance affairs, contractual affairs, and partnership affairs; consequences include: creating alignment between policy goals and structure and culture in the health sector, promotion of administrative and environmental health, dynamism and adapting to changes and developments in the health system.
Nikfar (2023) investigated the evaluation and analysis of the role of ecotourism in urban development (case study: Zone 1 of Tehran). The results of the research showed that Tehran region 1 has the capabilities and potential of many natural attractions to attract ecotourism, and economic, institutional, social and cultural factors are considered to be the most important obstacles and challenges for the development of ecotourism in Tehran region 1, and ecotourism in Tehran region 1 can also play an effective role in the goals of urban development of Tehran city.
Research methodology
The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of its implementation. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes 19 experts, including managers and experts in the field of tourism, hoteliers, travel agencies, tours and ecotours; by means of the snowball sampling method, and in the quantitative section, it includes 244 employees of the Cultural Heritage Organization, handicrafts and tourism of Qeshm Free Zone. Data collection in the qualitative part was done using semi-structured interviews of the members of the statistical community, and data collection in the quantitative part was done through a questionnaire.
Research findings
In the data analysis of the qualitative part, the coding process in the MAXQDA 2018 software was used, and in the quantitative part, SPSS 16 and AMOS software were used; and the data was analyzed using the factor analysis method. The results in the qualitative section showed that 207 interview codes, 68 subcategories, and 14 categories were extracted. Causal factors include cultural and social factors, the potential of Qeshm Island for tourism and economic and political factors, background features including geographical location, capacity and potential facilities of Qeshm and geosites, intervening conditions including lack of strategy and proper planning and infrastructural problems as well as strategies and interactions include goal-setting and strategy determination to achieve the goal, education and culture building, and providing suitable infrastructure for tourism. The results of quantitative analysis show the significance of measurement models and structural equations at the confidence level of 95%.
Conclusion
The current research was conducted with the aim of providing a model of ecotourism and sustainable tourism development with an emphasis on foreign exchange and economic development of Qeshm Island. The results of this research are in agreement with the results of Ruzbeh et al, (2023), Nikfar (2023), Mobasheri et al, (2023), Ghasemlu et al, (2022), Salman et al, (2022), Darda & Bhuiyan (2022), Hashemi Asl (2020), and Agyeman et al, (2019). Nikfar (2023) showed that the city of Tehran has many capabilities and potentials of natural attractions to attract ecotourism, and economic, institutional, social and cultural factors are considered to be the most important obstacles and challenges for the development of ecotourism in the 1st region of Tehran, and ecotourism in Tehran region 1 can also play an effective role in the goals of urban development of Tehran city.
According to the results of this research, it is suggested that the development of sustainable tourism in Qeshm Island requires extensive and coordinated measures. Among the important actions, we can point out the examples of the experiences of successful countries and cities, protecting tourist places by establishing laws, promoting ecotourism and encouraging ecotourism activities. Also, the development of suitable infrastructure for tourism, the use of renewable energy sources, and the support of local communities and economies are also of great importance. These measures, if implemented correctly, can help develop sustainable tourism and preserve the environment and local culture in Qeshm Island.

Abstract Abstract
The aim of the present research is to present effective innovative strategies in the development of cosmetics industry with an emphasis on international entrepreneurship. The research method is applicable in terms of its purpose, and qualitative in terms of its implementation. The statistical population of the research includes 7 managers and officials of Sehat Industrial and Trading Company and 3 academic experts. The data collection tool is interview. To analyze the research data, theme analysis; which is a method to determine, analyze, and express of the patterns (themes) in the data, as well as MAXQDA software was used. According to the obtained results, the innovation strategies are: aggressive innovative strategies, innovative technology absorption strategies, pioneering innovative strategies, risky innovative strategies, among which the innovative technology absorption strategies have the first priority and risky strategies have the last priority according to the prioritization. The test hypotheses that show the impact of aggressive innovative strategies, innovative strategies, pioneering innovative strategies, and risky innovative strategies on the development of the cosmetics industry were all confirmed. Managers and officials active in the cosmetics industry are suggested to help the development of the cosmetics industry by absorbing up-to-date technologies.
Extended Abstract                                          
Introduction
Innovation is one of the main factors in gaining the competitive advantage of companies, and in order to achieve rapid growth and success in the markets (in domestic and international arenas), companies have a great desire to use technological innovation and provide new and high-quality products (Tajadin et al., 2012). Therefore, the link between innovation and strategy is important for the effective management of innovation; and without strategy, it will not be possible for innovation to improve performance and other organizational successes (Akman & Yilmaz, 2018). Innovation helps companies to gain a competitive advantage in an uncertain environment and dominate their opponents, and this has an important effect on the company's performance in the long term; and also, it is the innovation which is the main factor that causes businesses to grow. Organizational innovation is the driver of organizational growth of the creator of future successes, and a tool that allows businesses to prove their existence in the global economy. Peter Drucker briefly states that every organization needs a core capability, and this important competency is innovation (Eidi et al, 2019). Innovation helps companies to gain a competitive advantage in an uncertain environment and dominate their opponents, and this has an important effect on the company's performance in the long term, and innovation is also the main factor that causes businesses to grow (Eyni, 2020).
The industry sector is the main driver of growth, success and innovation of countries. In addition to creating added value, this sector will lead to the creation of employment more than other sectors of the economy. Adding value, creating jobs, stimulating innovation, and responding to consumer needs are key factors for long-term and sustainable economic growth. The strong flow of innovation in the field of raw materials, information technology, production and manufacturing processes, and creation of new opportunities to design and manufacture new products and services are among the issues that will lead to the country's economic growth through the industry sector (Zare, 2019). One of the main axes of entrepreneurship is innovation, and by the implementation of innovation strategies, international entrepreneurship can occur in this industry to be developed, hence the main issue in this study is: how is the presentation of effective innovative strategies on the development of the cosmetics industry with the emphasis on international entrepreneurship?
Theoretical Framework
Innovation strategy
Innovation strategy in organizations is one of the central trends in recent years, and is considered very vital for organizational adaptation and restructuring and its competitive advantage. The term innovation strategy includes various components such as innovation creation, innovation adoption, and innovation diffusion. The gap that exists is that the program and components of the R&D innovation strategy process are not well structured (Parellada et al, 2021; Kim & Huarng, 2020).
International entrepreneurship
International entrepreneurship is a creative process of discovering and exploiting opportunities outside domestic markets and in search of competitive advantage, which is a bold process of creating managerial value, through which people adopt innovative behaviors, proactively combined with calculated risk-taking, to successfully pursue foreign business opportunities arising from inefficiencies in the multinational market with the aim of achieving financial and non-financial rewards. One of the most important decisions in international entrepreneurship is choosing a strategy to enter emerging international markets. Today's emerging international entrepreneurs are more inclined towards innovation and looking for opportunities, and their participation in international activities is largely influenced by their owner or founder (Sarhadi, 2019).
Saadat et al, (2023) investigated the impact of business strategies on innovative performance in order to achieve effective performance in defense industry subsidiary companies. The obtained results indicate the existence of a significant relationship between the variables of business strategy and innovative performance, and the predictive and control capabilities and flexibility of business strategies are effective in promoting innovative performance. Also, the fit indices of the model indicate that the presented model has a suitable fit.
Arabshahi & Abbaszadehgaretekan (2023) investigated the effect of electronic customer relationship management on marketing performance by analyzing the mediating role of product innovation and emphasizing customer knowledge. The findings show that the electronic customer relationship management variable had a positive and significant effect on product innovation development, and the product innovation development variable also had a positive and significant effect on marketing performance. Also, customer knowledge had a positive and significant impact on marketing performance and product innovation development, and electronic customer relationship management and customer knowledge had a positive and significant impact on marketing performance through product innovation development.
Research methodology
The research method is applicable in terms of its purpose, and qualitative in terms of its implementation. The statistical population of the research includes 7 managers and officials of Sehat Industrial and Trading Company and 3 academic experts. The data collection tool is interview.
Research findings
To analyze the research data, theme analysis; which is a method to determine, analyze, and express of the patterns (themes) in the data, as well as MAXQDA software was used. According to the obtained results, the innovation strategies are: aggressive innovative strategies, innovative technology absorption strategies, pioneering innovative strategies, risky innovative strategies, among which the innovative technology absorption strategies have the first priority and risky strategies have the last priority according to the prioritization. The test hypotheses that show the impact of aggressive innovative strategies, innovative strategies, pioneering innovative strategies, and risky innovative strategies on the development of the cosmetics industry were all confirmed. Managers and officials active in the cosmetics industry are suggested to help the development of the cosmetics industry by absorbing up-to-date technologies.
Conclusion
The current research was conducted with the aim of providing effective innovative strategies in the development of the cosmetics industry with an emphasis on international entrepreneurship. The results of this research are in agreement with the results of Saadat et al, (2023), Arabshahi & Abbaszadehgaretekan (2023), Bauj Khushmian & sadoughi (2022), Zahra et al, (2022), Eshkor Vakili & nojabaei (2022), Kral & Janoskova (2021), Eyni (2020), and Beyene et al, (2016). Zahra et al, (2022) presented the definitions of corporate innovation strategy and diverse opinions of authors around the world about the realization and analysis of strategy in economic enterprises. Regarding the most important results obtained from issues, needs, and opportunities; this study highlights the insufficient knowledge about formulation and implementation of innovation strategies. Moreover, it emphasizes the lack of information about the importance of innovative activity as a capability that can be systematically developed within the framework of an innovation strategy, regarding input, transformation process, and production.
According to the results of the research, the following suggestions are presented:
1- The managers of the company should make the necessary investments to import new technologies using expert staff to provide more qualitative products and services in global markets.
2- Importance should be given to knowledge management because this will lead to better and more correct decisions by managers.
 

Abstract Abstract The purpose of this research is to present the fintech market development model with an emphasis on existing challenges and strategies. The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, thematic analysis type in terms of execution method (qualitative-quantitative), fundamental in terms of its nature, and exploratory-correlative in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the research includes 20 managers and experts of fintech companies active in the field of payment with the license of Shaperk, including Zarinpal, Asan-Dariaft, Balle Financial Messenger, EasyPay, Iranian credit and point cards. The sampling method is done in a judgmental manner, and the interviews continued until reaching theoretical saturation. The method of data collection and analysis is interview and thematic analysis in the qualitative part, and questionnaire and content validity technique (CVR) and semi-structured interview data collection tool in the quantitative part. The results of the research showed that the challenges of fintech market development include insufficient infrastructure, regulatory and legislative barriers, difficulty of working with public/general customers, mistrust of technology and fintech, low levels of income and product pricing challenges, and cultural barriers. Also, fintech market development strategies include community participation in the marketing process, use of social networks, smart and optimal advertising, useful and valuable content production, branding, adaptation of communication strategies to the nature of the fintech market, geographic and cultural segmentation of the market, and also training to the customer. Extended Abstract                                           Introduction Every day, people see a lot of advertisements everywhere; from bus stop, street banner, shopping mall to magazine, TV, computer, mobile etc. However, more often than not, these ads feel like annoying information that the general public is forced to see. For this reason, professional marketers need to redefine their marketing idea. They should understand that marketing is not only about sales and advertising, but also fulfills customer needs in order to overcome constraints (Sheth & Parvatiyar, 2021). On the other hand; with the digital trend, the financial sector has started to apply and implement technology in its workflow. More and more start-ups have formed to provide digital financial services. Some of the companies that provide online payment gateway are pioneers in this field which is widely used all over the world. In addition, more and more investors are spending on new technologies; they are competing with each other in an effort to improve security and user convenience. Financial technology companies are trying to attract users with new mobile phone features, capabilities and technologies. Recently, the blockchain concept has also opened new solutions for security issues; therefore, fintech tools have become the most popular digital services and have the largest share of fintech stocks worldwide (Fernandez-Vazquez et al, 2019). In the meantime, financial technology (Fintech) as a technological innovation has been considered especially important for the development path of countries. This is due to its potential to promote financial inclusion so that more people can access financial services (Demirguc-Kunt et al, 2018). Based on this, the current research is looking for an answer to this question: What is the fintech market development model with an emphasis on existing challenges and strategies? Theoretical Framework marketing strategy When companies enter a new market, they will most likely face thousands of challenges and risks related to establishing their operations and acceptance of their offers by new customers, and the company will compete for market share with other companies that already have supply chains, distribution channels and already established customer bases (Luo, 2022). Foreignness, geographic distance, and characteristics of the home market all contribute to these challenges in new markets. This issue applies more in emerging markets such as fintech (Khan & Khan, 2021). In this regard, Gaur et al, (2011) argue that emerging market challenges lead to higher external liability. These challenges include large heterogeneous populations with low incomes, inadequate infrastructure, lack of resources, corruption, and in general, with structural flaws (Barnard & Luiz, 2018). From the point of view of marketing strategy, companies adapt their marketing strategies to achieve a competitive advantage when entering a new market. Once a company has decided to expand into a new market and adopt its marketing strategy, the question of what changes will be necessary for this particular context will arise. In this regard, Sharmelly & Klarin (2021) described implicit concepts for segmentation, product variety, pricing, distribution, and communication methods of the company. They argue that segmentation costs are high, and that mass media marketing is not well adapted to emerging markets. Also, the offered products need to be functional and also made to not become obsolete quickly. Shadbakhsh (2023) investigated the impact of using sustainable marketing strategies on the performance of digital businesses with the mediation of information technology in the country's real estate industry. The results showed that marketing trends and sustainable marketing experiences have a positive effect on the performance of the studied companies. Also, marketing trends, sustainable marketing experiences, and sustainable marketing strategies have a positive effect on the performance of selected companies. Barrio Oton (2021) in a research investigated the social media marketing in the fintech ecosystem in Monfer Startup Company. For this purpose, a detailed study of the fintech private equity industry was conducted through Porter's 5 forces model, along with an explanation of the Monfer startup case through the blue ocean strategy canvas. Then, secondary data including statistical insights were collected directly from the company. This study was further designed by analyzing the internal and external situation and concluded with a strategic planning model and setting goals through the framework of smart goals. Research methodology The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, thematic analysis type in terms of execution method (qualitative-quantitative), fundamental in terms of its nature, and exploratory-correlative in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the research includes 20 managers and experts of fintech companies active in the field of payment with the license of Shaperk, including Zarinpal, Asan-Dariaft, Balle Financial Messenger, EasyPay, Iranian credit and point cards. The sampling method is done in a judgmental manner, and the interviews continued until reaching theoretical saturation. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. Research findings For data analysis, thematic analysis was used in the qualitative part, and content validity technique (CVR) was used in the quantitative part. The results of the research showed that the challenges of fintech market development include insufficient infrastructure, regulatory and legislative barriers, difficulty working with public/general customers, mistrust of technology and fintech, low levels of income and product pricing challenges, and cultural barriers. Also, fintech market development strategies include community participation in the marketing process, use of social networks, smart and optimal advertising, useful and valuable content production, branding, adaptation of communication strategies to the nature of the fintech market, geographic and cultural segmentation of the market, and training to the customer. Conclusion The current research has been carried out with the aim of presenting the fintech market development model with an emphasis on existing challenges and strategies. The results of the present research is aligned with the results of Shadbakhsh (2023), Barrio Oton (2021), Pazhoheshfar & Biabani (2021), Hammerschlag et al, (2020), Nurjanah et al, (2020), and Noami et al, (2019). The results of Shadbakhsh (2023) showed that marketing trends and sustainable marketing experiences have a positive effect on the performance of the studied companies. Also, marketing trends, sustainable marketing experiences and sustainable marketing strategies have a positive effect on the performance of selected companies. According to the results of the research, the following suggestions were presented: Effective market development strategies often require local community involvement in marketing, product distribution and product awareness. In general, using local people to distribute products is important to the success of a marketing strategy. Local people understand the nuances of the market and can help distribute products in the most efficient and cost-effective way. Finding local people often has to be done through field research, but can also be achieved through networking. The reason for this is that the community plays a major role in Iranian culture and people are more likely to use a product if it is approved by a member of the community. In creating consumer awareness, community participation can be in the form of in-person or online campaigns (for example through social media). When talking about the development of the fintech market, it means that it should be possible to identify that part of the target market and, according to the knowledge that is found, convert the audience of social networks into customers of your market. Fintech companies can advertise their products or services with an optimized website or a standard page according to the Instagram algorithm. The cost of such advertisements is much lower and the efficiency of advertisements is high. Therefore, producing valuable content helps clarify the topic in the audience's mind. For example, producing content that is according to the taste and interest of the young generation can have a great impact on the success of the company. If you can start producing content according to the type of audience that exists, you will get a lot of success and fame in business.

Abstract Abstract The purpose of this research is to design a model for the alignment of petroleum refinery projects with the country's industrial strategies in the Ministry of Oil. The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, qualitative in terms of data collection, and data-based type. The statistical population of the research includes 20 experts and senior managers of the Ministry of Petroleum and Petrorefineries in Tehran, selected by theoretical sampling. To collect and analyze the data, the data-based theory research strategy was used. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. Data analysis and model design were done through coding. The findings of the research showed that the alignment of the refinery projects with the country's industrial strategies in the Ministry of Oil, the enablers of the alignment include the maturity of communication and managerial factors and the exercise of authority, strategic technology planning and organizational architecture aligned with technology, partnership factors, human resources (innovation, entrepreneurship, expertise, knowledge), and the distinctive competence factors that lead to the realization of optimization results and reduction of capital and current costs and synergy in both sides of petro-refining and industry. Managers and experts can help to optimize this industry and reduce costs by using the model of aligning petroleum refinery projects with industrial strategies. Based on the results, it is suggested to the planners of the oil industry to try to increase the alignment of the refinery projects with the industrial strategies of the country in order to develop the refineries. Introduction Strategic alignment or, in other words, strategic fit, is an important and vital concept in how organizations can transform the use of IT in the organization into real improvements in performance. The concept of strategic alignment originates from a set of experimental and conceptual measures in organizational texts, the main purpose of which is organizational performance and thus the fit between factors such as strategy, structure, technology, culture and environment (Primasari, 2022). In today's turbulent business environment, the success of organizations depends on the orientation of all parts of the organization in line with its strategic direction. In such an environment, organizations have no choice but to use technology as a strategic resource in order to achieve their strategic goals, and this is where the concept of alignment of technology and development strategies (strategic alignment) becomes meaningful (McAdam et al, 2017, Visscher et al, 2021). Strategic alignment refers to the use of technology in an appropriate and timely manner; and in balance with strategies, goals, and development needs. The research conducted in the field of strategic alignment shows the existence of a positive and effective relationship between competitive strategies, technology, and organizational performance; and managers who have succeeded in aligning these strategies in their organizations emphasize that creating integration is essential for the survival and success of organizations. (Primasari, 2022). The importance of formulating a development strategy is to obtain a sustainable technological competitive advantage so that to keep the industry in the competitive boundaries. Therefore, it is necessary to have a proper vision of the distinctive technologies of the industry, the products and services that the organization and industry can provide, and the position that the organization or industry intends to be in in the future. The main issue of the present research is: what is the model of alignment of petrochemical projects with the country's industrial strategies in the Ministry of Oil?  Theoretical Framework Project alignment with strategy Strategic alignment or, in other words, strategic fit, is an important and vital concept in how organizations can transform the use of IT in the organization into real improvements in performance. The concept of strategic alignment originates from a set of experimental and conceptual measures in organizational texts, the main purpose of which is organizational performance and thus the fit between factors such as strategy, structure, technology, culture and environment (Sadigov, 2022). Strategic alignment has been defined as the extent to which IS strategy supports business strategies and is supported by them (Abdulwase et al, 2020). Ghatak & Garg (2022) in a research investigated the power transfer project: a framework for aligning the success of the project with the organization's purpose. The result shows that project success has a positive direct relationship with strategy, risk, information technology, and stakeholders. Risk as a mediating variable with contract, information technology, and stakeholders, has a direct relationship with strategy; therefore, the contract has a significant indirect relationship with the success of the project. The proposed framework supports the alignment of project success with organizational goals through critical success factors. Primasari (2022) investigated strategy formulation to achieve alignment between information technology and business in game companies. The research generated several specific recommendations for gaming companies in the areas of business strategy, IT strategy, organizational infrastructure/process, and IS/IT infrastructure/process. Key strategies derived from this research are strengthening product advertising and marketing and expanding networks with potential consumers, other game manufacturers, and governments. Research methodology The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, qualitative in terms of data collection, and data-based type. The statistical population of the research includes 20 experts and senior managers of the Ministry of Petroleum and Petrorefineries in Tehran, selected by theoretical sampling. To collect and analyze the data, the data-based theory research strategy was used. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. Research findings Data analysis and model design were done through coding. The findings of the research showed that the alignment of the refinery projects with the country's industrial strategies in the Ministry of Oil, the enablers of the alignment include the maturity of communication and managerial factors and the exercise of authority, strategic technology planning and organizational architecture aligned with technology, partnership factors, human resources (innovation, entrepreneurship, expertise, knowledge), and the distinctive competence factors that lead to the realization of optimization results and reduction of capital and current costs and synergy in both sides of petro-refining and industry. Managers and experts can help to optimize this industry and reduce costs by using the model of aligning petroleum refinery projects with industrial strategies. Based on the results, it is suggested to the planners of the oil industry to try to increase the alignment of the refinery projects with the industrial strategies of the country in order to develop the refineries.  Conclusion The current research was carried out with the aim of designing a model for the alignment of petroleum refinery projects with the country's industrial strategies in the Ministry of Petroleum. The results of this research correspond with the results of Malik Ghasemi (2021), Dos Santos et al, (2021), Nosrati (2021), Mirzaei (2020), Ghatak & Garg (2022), Primasari (2022), Dos Santos et al, (2021), Bentley-Goode et al, (2019), Al-Adaileh (2017), Sniukas et al, (2016), and Canhoto et al, (2021). Ghatak & Garg (2020) in a research investigated the power transfer project: a framework for aligning the success of the project with the organization's purpose. The result shows that project success has a positive direct relationship with strategy, risk, information technology, and stakeholders. Risk as a mediating variable with contract, information technology, and stakeholders, has a direct relationship with strategy; therefore, the contract has a significant indirect relationship with the success of the project. The proposed framework supports the alignment of project success with organizational goals through critical success factors. According to the results of the research, the following suggestions are presented: - It is suggested that organizations use new technologies, especially information and communication technology, to create more value; because Fava-centering of the processes of an organization can play a significant role in improving processes and creating more value. This Fava orientation should be done based on a certain procedure and a certain framework so that all its advantages can be detected. - Information technology governance provides an implementation framework for transformation and change from traditional processes to Fava-oriented processes, which is suggested to be improved in order to reach this framework, which measures the maturity of communication in organizations.

Abstract in the current era, the increasing process of environmental degradation has become a crisis which increases day by day deterioration and its impact. although, sustainable economic development is a common responsibility between the organization, government and consumers, but organizations can play a dynamic role in reducing environmental degradation .in the other hand, managers have an important role in reducing the pollution and the governments tend to have environmental accountability .in this regard, the purpose of this study is to model the environmental accounting strategies and accountability of managers with data approach .in this regard, 11 interviews with experts in the field of environmental accounting and managers in the field of environmental accounting were conducted .interviews were continued until the theoretical saturation and then after primary coding in five categories of ali, outcomes, intervention, and background and action strategy were classified .it is hoped that the results of this study have taken a step toward environmental accounting and accountability. Extended Abstract Introduction Undoubtedly, in the competitive market of today's world and the emphasis on environmental protection, companies must pay more and more attention to environmental problems in order to maintain their position and achieve sustainability, which makes the strategic role of environmental accounting stand out. An environmentally friendly organization often relies on the management's accountability so that it ultimately causes organizations to gain a competitive advantage. These processes with the direction of environmental accountability at the global level require the participation of corporate people, which includes managers' accountability that a planning process can adapt the corporate strategy to environmental problems and lead to the use of environmental accounting (Ringle et al., 2015). The appropriate environmental management of an organization is in the evaluation of the environmental performance of that organization so that the results of the managers from the activities of the organization's products and services that interact with the surrounding environment can be understood. Of course, this goal can be achieved through managers, the desired results of those activities, products and services that have a clear effect on the environment, which can lead to managers' accountability. With the expansion of attention to the protection and improvement of the environment at the international level, the attention of all organizations has undeniably been directed to the harmful effects of the environment caused by its activities, products and services (Arman, 2020 & Muslimah). According to the stated contents, this study tries to answer the question: what is the pattern of environmental accounting strategies based on managers' accountability with the data-based approach? Theoretical Framework Environmental accounting Environmental accounting is based on integrating the environment as a source of capital and considering environmental costs as one of the acceptable costs in economic and computational processes. The purpose of environmental accounting is to provide information that can help managers for performance evaluation, decision making, control and reporting. Environmental accounting is based on economic and environmental concepts, and its application, considering not using market-based values, requires a change in culture (Afshari, 2021). Accountability of managers The requirement of democracy is to have an optimal accountability system, and government organizations are created by society and for society, and they must be accountable to them; the lack of accountability will cause distrust and the system of democracy and citizenship will have no meaning (Udeh & Ezejiofor, 2018). Accountability is the principle of any society that claims to be a democracy. For the time being, the government agencies are facing a kind of tension and duality that on one hand, they feel an obligation to their society and government organizations and must be responsible for their needs, and on the other hand, global requirements and International forces make them to apply ways and methods that are basically contrary to the wishes and needs of their citizens (Outtes et al, 2018). Agyemang et al, (2023) performed a research titled accounting and environmental performance. They showed a different conclusion between board characteristics and environmental accounting. In addition, the findings show that both environmental accounting and environmental performance index have a positive slope relationship with the profitability of mining companies. Our findings provide stakeholders with a detailed understanding and beneficial impact on how environmental accounting impacts ecological and financial performance in the mining industry. Namazi & Khorramdel Masule (2022) discussed the impact of green innovation and environmental management accounting on the company's financial, environmental and economic performance in their research. The findings of the research show that green product innovation has a significant impact on the company's financial, environmental and economic performance, either directly or through the mediating variable of environmental management accounting. Green product innovation has an impact on the environmental performance in the oil and gas, petrochemical, metal and food industries, as well as on the economic performance only in the metal industry. Research methodology According to its purpose, the research method is applicable, and in terms of its implementation, it is qualitative using the paradigmatic data-based theory research method, and in terms of its nature, it is a descriptive-survey type of research. The statistical population of the research includes 11 academic staff members in the field of environmental accounting and managers of government organizations that are proficient in this field, and need to have expertise qualities; in this research, in order to discover in-depth information in order to identify the indicators of the present components, a semi-structured interview was used. Sampling was done in the form of snowball and the interviews continued until reaching theoretical saturation. Research findings According to the purpose of the research, the coding method of Strauss and Corbin was used, and the information obtained from the interview with the target people was analyzed in the data-based theory in three stages of open, central and selective coding using the 2020 MAXQDA software. The results showed that the research model after the open, central and selective coding stage is paradigmatic in 5 dimensions of causal conditions, contextual conditions, strategies, intervening conditions, consequences; and including 10 components of regulatory and technical structures in the organization (laws and environmental regulations, organizational technologies), healthy human societies (public trust, building culture in society, healthy society), government laws (government incentives, government supervision, macro policies), reduction of environmental costs of products (control of product quality, reduction of production costs, optimal production, cost management), growing organizations (organizational growth, healthy organizational environment), training and awareness of managers and employees (training and awareness in the organization, lack of skills of employees), efficient organizations (organizational systems, efficiency of managers, optimal management, management ability), efficient accounting reports (developments of social reports, developments in accounting reports), stakeholder trust (performance evaluation, transparency, shareholder trust), business strategies (product quality, competitiveness, organizational sustainability).   Conclusion The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the presentation of environmental accounting strategies model based on managers' accountability with the data-based approach. The results of this research are in agreement with the results of Agyemang et al, (2023), Namazi & Khorramdel Masule (2022), Talebniya et al, (2021), Yusuf et al, (2021), Yermolenko et al, (2020), and Maslo et al. al, (2019). Maslo et al, (2019) showed that the priority of stakeholders and their participation with each other positively affects the relationship between environmental and financial performance. Talebniya et al, (2021) showed that the optimal management of environmental costs causes a better implementation of the environmental management system and has important benefits for society and the success of the business unit. According to the results, the following suggestion was made: The key to the success of any organization is its managers and employees, so every organization needs capable, expert, knowledgeable and committed managers and employees to achieve this success. The presence of responsive managers allows organizations to have more committed employees. In this regard, it is suggested to the organizations to organize training courses for all employees so that while recognizing the threats and responding to them, they will be trained as a group, so that in this regard, we have more knowledgeable people in the organization. And it is also suggested that the accountants of organizations get to know the methods and techniques of environmental accounting by participating in group classes so that they can explain the necessity of using environmental accounting to other marketers; thus, not only managers, but also other employees should be familiar with and responsible for environmental issues.

Abstract The aim of the current research was identifying the effective dimensions and components on research and development strategies in domestic automobile companies. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the managers and experts of domestic automobile companies, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 20 people of them were selected as a sample with using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was calculated by the agreement coefficient method between two coders 0.83. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis method in MAXQDA software. The findings showed that the effective dimensions and components on research and development strategies in domestic automotive companies had 33 sub themes in 7 main themes including business strategy, support policies, investment attraction, knowledge capital, cultural development, research and development implementation network and research and development management. . Finally, the pattern of effective main themes on research and development strategies in domestic automobile companies was drawn. The results of this study have many practical implications for the managers and officials of domestic automobile companies, and they based on the results of the identified main and sub themes in the present study can take an effective step in the direction of research and development. Extended Abstract Introduction Companies must adapt themselves to changing; evolving; unpredictable; and diverse markets, increasing global competition, and changing customer demands. Therefore, for different companies the importance of achieving to the competitive advantage in the mentioned conditions is very important and necessary (Cader et al., 2022). In the current competitive environment, producing and presenting of the products of interest to customers in the market is very important so that companies can compete with foreign and domestic competitors, which this important thing requires the selection and implementation of a suitable and valuable research and production strategy to achieve a competitive advantage (Mohaghar et al., 2021). The automotive company due to the need to obtain and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage in the national and international markets needs to update the knowledge of its employees and align with the ever-increasing changes and developments in science and technology (Imani et al., 2022). The automotive industry in different countries is considered as one of the drivers of industrial development, which has a significant impact on the economic growth of countries. In Iran, this industry has contributed to the growth of other industries, but at the same time, the situation of the automotive industry is not very satisfactory; and high prices, unsatisfactory quality, high dependence on foreign countries, and vulnerability to various sanctions and etc. are among the major problems of this industry (Fartoukzadeh & Tahmasebi, 2020). One of the effective factors in automotive companies is research and development strategies, and research and development is a creative work that is done regularly to increase scientific reserve and technical knowledge and to use this knowledge in the invention and design of new applications. The research and development includes applying and carrying out a series of planned activities with using knowledge obtained from previous research and experience which leads to the production of new materials, new products and tools, and the exploitation of new processes or modification and improvement (Young et al., 2020). The research and development is considered the basic key to growth and technology, and nowadays most new technologies are developed by research and development organizations, and one of the important results in every economic sector is a significant increase in the productivity of production factors (Nga et al., 2022). The research and development is the totality of novel, creative, innovative, systematic and planned activities that are generally aimed at expanding the boundaries of scientific cognition and the treasure of knowledge of human and human society and the application of this knowledge in various fields to improve human life, and in short refers to the direction of innovation and creation of new products, processes, devices, tools, systems, services and methods (Guo et al., 2018). According to the mentioned materials, the purpose of the current research was identifying the effective dimensions and components on research and development strategies in domestic automobile companies. Theoretical Framework The automotive industry of each country is considered one of the indicators of development due to its value and special position in the production network of industry and services. This industry is usually considered as a key industry in every country, and has an important impact on the growth and prosperity of different sectors of society and other industries (Kathmann et al., 2023). The automotive industry as one of the largest, most important and biggest financial value operators in the country is of great importance and is one of the most important foundations of the country's economy (Alimoradi Afshar, 2020). In Iran, the automotive industry has a special place in the country's economy regarded to the deep links to the key sectors of the economy, which is capable of stimulating for economic growth (Aboei Mehrizi et al., 2021). The automotive industry has been one of the largest business ecosystems in the Islamic Republic of Iran and because of its essential role in gross national product and its role in activating its previous and former production chains, it is necessary to conduct research in various aspects of the industry (Jafarnejad Chaghoshi et al., 2019). One of the most important determined factors in the business market of automakers and supplier companies is the technology development of products, services and systems based on joint collaboration (Zeinali et al., 2022). Today, many companies have faced with challenges in the field of enhancing and increasing their competitiveness ability for survival in the business competitive environment. In this condition only companies that take advantage of key capabilities and relative advantages can achieve sustainable success and in the process of creating a competitive advantage the research and development strategies and activities play a very important role (Holtzman, 2011). Strategy is a valuable and privileged position, and a series of privileged coordinated activities that distinguish activities or perform similar activities in a distinctive way (Moore et al., 2023). Today, research and development strategies and activities account for a huge share of the costs of enterprises and companies, and the prominent role of scientific research and development in the economic growth has been emphasized by governments, enterprises and commercial companies and researchers; so that most economists attribute the increase in economic growth in developed countries to the intensity of research and development activities (Barzegar et al., 2018). The research and development strategies include the set of research and development projects needed to achieve the specified goals in the field of technology acquisition within the framework of the company's overall strategy (Jiang et al., 2012). Research Methodology This study was applicable in terms of purpose, and qualitative in terms of implementation method. The research population was the managers and experts of domestic automobile companies, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation; 20 people of them were selected as a sample with using purposeful and snowball sampling methods. In the purposeful sampling method, the samples are selected according to the criteria, the most important of which were included at least 10 years of work experience in the field of research and development in the automotive industry, having knowledge about research and development strategies, willingness to participate in research, and at least a bachelor's degree. Also, in the snowball sampling method, the samples sampled in the purposeful sampling method section were asked to introduce other managers and experts of automobile companies to the researchers, which after reviewing them in terms of inclusion criteria, they were also selected as samples. In addition, according to the principle of theoretical saturation; sampling and conducting research on them continues until the new samples cannot add new content and findings to the previous findings. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, whose validity was confirmed by the triangulation method, and its reliability was calculated 0.83 by the agreement coefficient method between two coders. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis method in MAXQDA software.   Research Findings The findings showed that most of the samples of the present study were male (70 percent), and had an age of 46-50 years (40 percent), a doctorate education (70 percent), and a work experience of 26-30 years (45 percent). Also, the effective dimensions and components on research and development strategies in domestic automotive companies had 33 sub themes in 7 main themes including business strategy, support policies, investment attraction, knowledge capital, cultural development, research and development implementation network, and research and development management. Finally, the pattern of main themes effective on research and development strategies in domestic automobile companies was drawn. Conclusion The results of this study have many practical implications for the managers and officials of domestic automobile companies, and they can, based on the results of the identified main and sub themes in the present study, take an effective step in the direction of research and development. For this purpose, the government, and the parliament at the head of it; by taking into account the importance of the research and development issue, while enacting supporting laws for the implementation processes of research and development, oblige the automobile companies to invest a percentage of their budget in the field of research and development annually. Also, it is suggested that in the automotive industry the important activities related to intellectual and spiritual property should be compiled and presented to the government and parliament for implementation, because respecting intellectual and spiritual property is an important factor in the realization of research and development processes in the automotive industry. The government's support of the industry sector should be done as one of the governance processes; and in this regard, it is suggested that the government, based on criteria, while determining the budget for the research and development of the automobile industry, makes its implementation dependent on the implementation of practical research, and plan its increase in the years ahead. In addition, the necessary plans for the participation of the private sector in the automobile industry should be formulated so that in line with that, the private units can take important steps in accordance with the implementation of the principle of privatization in supporting of the research and development activities. Another important suggestion is to attract investment, which the government should act quickly in this direction to formulate guarantee protocols in investment. Another suggestion is preparation for attracting and employing experts in research and development teams, and academic centers can be an environment for the initial training of these engineers, and the automobile industry should guarantee jobs and job security for people who take initial steps in the field of research and development of automobile industry. The last practical suggestion is to hold internal conferences and seminars to create and develop the culture of research and development and prepare the society to support internal research and development in order to achieve the major goals of research and development of automobile industry.

Abstract Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the dimensions, components and indicators of quantum leadership of the broadcasting organization in the field of social networks. The research method is qualitative and applicable. Two methods of documentary study and fuzzy Delphi have been used to collect information. The statistical population of the research includes 15 media experts, political science professors, media management professors, and management, who were selected by targeted and available sampling method, and their opinions were extracted using the fuzzy Delphi method. The components and indicators of quantum leadership include three managerial and organizational dimensions, quantum skills and quantum leadership, which managerial and organizational dimension has two components (quantum management, quantum organization); the quantum skills dimension includes seven components (quantum look, quantum thinking, quantum feeling, quantum recognition, quantum action, quantum trust, quantum presence); and quantum leadership has four components (media leadership, social media leadership, transformational leadership in the media, participatory leadership in the media). Three dimensions and thirteen components were identified and confirmed for the quantum leadership of the Broadcasting Organization in the field of social networks. The quantum organization component in the second stage of the survey with an average of (0.750) and in the third stage with an average of (0.778); the component of quantum existence in the first stage of the survey with an average of (0.879) and in the second stage with an average of (0.825) and in the third stage with an average of (0.852); the social media leadership component in the second stage with an average of (0.821) and in the third stage with an average of (0.842) had the highest opinions of the experts; which shows the full saturation of experts' opinions and overlapping.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Media are communication channels through which messages are sent to the audience. But whether these channels interfere in the content of the message or whether it is just a neutral tool in the transmission of the message is one of the important topics in media philosophy and of course in its management (Ghaed Amini Harouni et al, 2018). A combination of mass media and interpersonal communication is the most effective way to reach people with new ideas and convince them. Today, this platform is provided by virtual social networks, and the users of these networks, by expanding their communication, exchange information and share content collectively or individually. Some thinkers believe that these human communities are a kind of appearance of Habermas' concept of public sphere in virtual space (Oudlajani & Naqib al-Sadat, 2021).
Designing the principles of new sciences requires knowledge of leadership techniques in a modern organization, so that these technologies and principles provide a new metaphor for the life of the organization and leadership work. Meanwhile, the traditional organizational development models have given way to new intervention models and methods in the era of uncertainty, complexity, globalization and rapid change. The beginning of the 21st century can be called the quantum era in terms of technology. The key to organizational excellence is excellent leadership. The seven quantum skills can enable 21st century leaders to create a new level of organizational excellence to harness the world's most powerful energy; the energy of the mind. If leaders and their organizations want to progress in the new era, a new intellectual and skill leap must emerge in managers with this leadership style (Razavi & Azimi Sanavi, 2012). Quantum leadership is a style of leadership that seeks to increase trust, security, dynamic communication and learning and reduce vertical communication and increase horizontal communication in the organization. The framework and structure of the quantum organization includes mutual and fluid communication between the leader and the followers, which can be defined through an organization combined with trust, value, spirituality, learning, dialogue and thinking together (Rozbeh et al, 2021).
Therefore, the researcher intends to answer this basic question in this research: what are the dimensions, components and indicators of quantum leadership of the broadcasting organization in the field of social networks?
Theoretical Foundations
The success of today's organizations depends on the correct and efficient leadership, which relies on the influence, guidance, direction and streamlining of the organization's activities, and the belief of the employees (Erfanmanesh, 2018). On the one hand, it is a new theory in the field of leadership; which tries to create the desired future by determining the objectives, choosing the best solutions and using the best tools correctly so that a situation fits the internal conditions of the organization and the requirements of the strategic environment (Kamali Ardekani et al, 2020). The purpose of quantum leadership is to increase the effectiveness and power of managers and employees of the organization. Forming self-governing groups and providing extensive feedback to managers and employees, which prevents costly mistakes for the organization, are strategies used in quantum leadership (Ghaed Amini Harouni et al, 2018).
Geok & Bilal Ali (2021) presented a quantum leadership style framework in their research to promote lifelong learning among employees through management science. Hence, Quantum leaders perceived the consequences of organizational learning in the workplace during challenging times. Lifelong learning was promoted to improve profitability, stability and organizational growth with a conducive learning environment. The resurgence of quantum leadership contributes to new developments in management science in industry and higher education. The need for future studies on purposeful learning through quantum leadership to support knowledge creation and consistent paradigms was evident.
Nazakhti Rezapour et al, (2021) showed that according to experts, the opportunities of Instagram TV for broadcasting organization, including two categories of practical opportunities (use of user-generated content, talent search, interaction with the audience and surveys) and ultimate opportunities (helping good governance, Creating a balance between the official and traditional culture, makeing Iran's media sphere more diverse and to improving the quality of radio and television productions). The threats of Instagram TV for broadcasting organization are also aimed at weakening the exclusive position of it, reducing the audience and reducing the income from advertisement.
Research Methodology
This research is applicable in terms of purpose. Also, based on the research plan and in terms of the method of data collection, the present research is a descriptive analytical research, and from the documentary study and Delphi method was used to collect information for finding the quantum leadership dimensions and components of the Broadcasting Organization in the field of social networks with a future research approach for the Broadcasting Organization. The statistical population of the research includes 15 experts in the field of media, professors of political science, professors of media management, and professors of management, and the sampling method is targeted and accessible.
Research findings
Data analysis was done using Delphi-Fari method in three rounds. The results showed that the components and indicators of quantum leadership include three management and organizational dimensions, quantum skills, and quantum leadership,\; which management and organization dimension has two components (quantum management, quantum organization); quantum skills dimension includes seven components (quantum view, quantum thinking, quantum feeling, quantum knowledge, quantum action, quantum trust, quantum existence); and quantum leadership has four components (media leadership, social media leadership, transformational leadership in the media, participatory leadership in the media). Three dimensions and thirteen components were identified and confirmed for the quantum leadership of the Broadcasting Organization in the field of social networks. The quantum organization component in the second stage of the survey with an average of (0.750) and the in the third stage with an average of (0.778); the component of quantum existence in the first stage with an average of (0.879) and in the second stage with an average of (0.825) and the in the third stage with an average of (0.852); the social media leadership component in the second stage with an average of (0.821) and in the third stage with an average of (0.842) had the highest opinions of the experts; which shows the full saturation of experts' opinions and overlapping.
Conclusion
The current research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the dimensions, components and indicators of quantum leadership of the broadcasting organization in the field of social networks. The results of this research are consistent with the findings of researchers such as Ahmadian et al, (2021), Geok & Bilal Ali (2021), Rozbeh et al, (2021), Oudlajani & Naqib al-Sadat (2021). Ahmadian et al, (2021) showed in their research that there is a positive and significant correlation between quantum leadership and human resource retention in West Azerbaijan University of Medical Sciences University (path coefficient 0.18). The correlation between quantum leadership and organizational trust is positive and significant (path coefficient 0.85). The correlation between organizational trust and human resource retention is positive and significant (path coefficient 0.81), and finally, there is a positive and significant correlation between quantum leadership and human resource retention with the mediation of organizational trust (path coefficient 0.69). As a result, it can be said that organizational trust can increase the correlation between quantum leadership and human resource retention as a mediator. It is suggested that the principles of quantum leadership be taught to university managers and supervisors at all levels of management, in order to increase organizational trust and consequently provide human resource retention.
According to the results of the research, it is suggested that in the policies of the Broadcasting Organization, special attention should be paid to the correct recognition and understanding of the stages of quantum thinking, quantum feeling, quantum existence, media leadership and social media leadership, in order to identify the weakness and strength of the organization, individual and ethnic differences, the needs and demands of the audience; and in the field of creating trust among the audience through quantum leadership, it is possible to develop infrastructure, reduce costs, improve the performance of provincial media and took social action.

Abstract Abstract
The aim of the current research was to present the model of institutional factors related to the implementation of redistributive policies in Iran's specialized state-owned commercial parent company. This research was conducted qualitatively using thematic analysis method. The participants of this research were upstream documents in the library department, and managers and employees of Iran's specialized state-owned commercial mother company in the field department. People were selected by targeted sampling with the criteria of at least 10 years of teaching, research and management experience in different academic courses. Sampling was done with the participation of 30 experts. The data collection tool consisted of two parts, review and exploration of research literature and upstream documents in the library part, and semi-structured interview in the field part. The semi-structured interview with the participants continued until the theoretical saturation stage. The method of analyzing the interviews was done using thematic analysis method (basic, organizing and inclusive themes). The process of coding and textual analysis of the interviews was conducted in MAXQDA 2018 qualitative data analysis software. The results showed that the model of institutional factors related to the implementation of redistributive policies consists of four dimensions of legal, cognitive, normative and guiding factors and 15 components.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
The state of income distribution in different societies is not only important in economic terms, but is important also in political and social dimensions. The past and diverse experiences of growth and development also state the fact that the success of long-term and sustainable actions of governments in the field of economic growth and development of society is conditional on considering the distributional effects and consequences of policies, including the fair distribution of income in society; because the wide difference in the income of the rich and the poor is mainly caused by the very unequal initial distribution of productive wealth (such as land and capital). (Marques & Zakharov, 2022)
Similarly, the policies of the government in the field of production boom includes carrying out commercial activities in the field of market regulation, procurement, storage, purchase, sale and distribution of basic, sensitive and necessary goods and any related and necessary activities, as well as control and supervision of all the silos of the private sector, flour factories and bakers in the covered provinces, which are carried out by Iran's state-owned specialized trading company. The policies as the will of the political system should be consisting of the government, the parliament and the judiciary in organizing affairs and interacting with the citizens. laws, regulations, instructions, circulars, and generally public policies is implemented during a process, followed by series of taken place events, happenings, events and activities. There is a presupposition that policies seek to create public interest, but the interests in different societies are not the same, and each individual and group can have separate and different interests from others (Alejandro et al., 2020).
Institution is sometimes referred to organizations, sometimes to basic laws, sometimes to a person or a situation, and sometimes even to minor things like a contract. Different definitions of institutions remind us of different perceptions of the nature of social reality and social order (Arasti et al., 2012). North states that institutions are the rules of the game in society. As a result, institutions cause the motivations hidden in human exchanges to be structured, whether these exchanges are political, economic or social. In a general interpretation, institutions include beliefs, behaviors (rational or non-rational), traditions, rules and legal regulations that form a coordinated set around a core (North, 1990). On the other hand, policy making has a long history in the world, including in our country Iran. Although theoretical studies and research about the process of policy making in general, and the elements and stages of policy making in particular, have been relatively long in Western countries, in Iran, the study and research in policy making is still in its early stages. The review of past studies has shown that very few studies have been done in the field of institutional factors related to the implementation of redistributive policies. Therefore, the main question of the research is: what are the characteristics of the institutional factors related to the implementation of redistributive policies in Iran's specialized state-owned commercial parent company?
Theoretical literature
The literal meaning of policy is statute, creed, method and procedure. The first word that comes to mind from policy is politics. But sometimes the meaning of a word is not directly deduced from the word itself, such as the word motivation, which is often used in management instead of purpose, intention, and determination, but in Arabic, it means stimulus, and movement is hidden within it (Shahabi, 2019). From a point of view, policy-making is equivalent to decision-making, that is, it can be considered a type of decision-making because when a policy is determined, a decision has been made in the same position (Rezaian, 2018).
The institutional perspective argues that in addition to the conditions and characteristics of organizations and industry structure, organizations need to consider the effects of other factors such as laws and regulations and the culture of societies in their management choices and activities (Peng, 2013). Institutions can determine formally; such as political and economic laws, laws, contracts, or informally; such as behavior, attitudes, values, behavioral norms and contracts, and in short, the culture of a society.
According to North's theory (1990), formal institutions are dependent on informal institutions, in the sense that they are used as predicted from the structure of society's interactions in line with the cultural values and guidelines of formal institutions (Nawaz, 2015). Stenhelm et al. (2013) have added another dimension called the guiding dimension of the environment to the three normative, legal and cognitive dimensions of Scott (1995). The guiding dimension is a set of fertile conditions and industries including access to customers and suppliers and proximity to top universities, which affects the type of opportunities exploited in a system and provides the necessary ground for productive, innovative entrepreneurship with high growth potential.
Research methodology
The research method of this article is qualitative. The present research is applicable-developmental in terms of the goal, and in the category of qualitative research of content analysis type in terms of the research method (qualitative content analysis can be a research method for the subjective interpretation of the content of textual data through the processes of systematic classification, coding, and thematization or designing of known patterns). After taking the interviews from the participants and writing line by line the text related to the interviews, the researcher analyzed the texts; in fact, in this method, codes and concepts and identified categories were identified through the process of systematic classification, and then the institutional factors related to the implementation of redistributive policies have been identified. In the present research, semi-structured interviews were used to present the model of institutional factors related to the implementation of redistributive policies in Iran's specialized trading company. This is the reason for using semi-structured interview
Research Findings
Data analysis has been done using Max Kyoda. The research findings showed
The model of institutional factors related to the level of implementation of redistributive policies in Iran's state-owned specialized commercial parent company includes these dimensions: legal, cognitive, normative, guiding factors; and the research components include: formulation of an effective law for the presence of intermediaries, sufficient, necessary and specific laws, protective laws, creating a safe and legal platform, harmonizing the laws of related bodies, creating stability and clarity in the laws, promoting the knowledge of elites, promoting social knowledge, providing a scientific and technological environment, promoting creativity and ideation, providing a context of using the experiences of other countries, social norms, values and beliefs, providing economic infrastructure, correct and appropriate use of all kinds of advertisements.
Conclusion
The purpose of this research was to identify the dimensions and components of institutional factors related to the implementation of redistributive policies in Iran's specialized state-owned commercial parent company. The results showed that the dimensions of the model include: legal, cognitive, normative, and guiding factors; and the research components include: drafting an effective law for the presence of intermediaries, sufficient, necessary and specific laws, protective laws, creating a safe and legal platform, harmonization of laws related bodies, creating stability and clarity in laws, promoting the knowledge of elites, promoting social knowledge, providing a scientific and technological environment, promoting creativity and ideation, providing a context for using the experiences of other countries, social norms, values and beliefs, providing economic infrastructure, the correct and appropriate use of all kinds of advertisements. The findings of this research in the legal dimension, in the factor of sufficient, necessary and specific laws, are consistent with the findings of the research conducted by Zarei & Parsa Mehr (2018), Vali Beigi (2009), and Akhavan & Dehghani (2014). In the factor of protective laws, it is consistent with the research results of Vali Beigi (2009) and Zarei & Parsa Mehr (2018). In the normative aspect, the findings of Heidari et al, (2021) confirm the factors of social norms, values and beliefs of the present study in the normative dimension. Based on the findings of this research, it is suggested that managers in the practical field try to take steps to implement the policies of Iran's specialized trading company with greater convergence among institutions. By supporting the commercial company, the government should provide the necessary financial resources and infrastructure for its success.