Document Type : Original Article (Mixed)
Authors
1
PhD Student, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2
Associate Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3
3. . Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4
4. Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,Iran
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to identify the components of marketing flexibility and investigate their impact on marketing performance among selected service businesses in Iraq. This research is applied-developmental in terms of objective and was conducted using an exploratory mixed-methods approach (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative phase consisted of 15 experts in the field of educational services in Baghdad. In the quantitative phase, the population included marketing managers and experts from private educational institutions in Baghdad, from which a sample of 300 individuals was selected based on Cochran’s formula. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made marketing flexibility questionnaire (derived from the qualitative phase), as well as a marketing performance questionnaire adapted from Izadyar (2020), utilizing a five-point Likert scale. For data analysis, the Fuzzy Delphi method was employed in the qualitative phase, while Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS software) was used in the quantitative phase. Findings revealed that 54 components were extracted within five main dimensions: organizational capacity, marketing analytical intelligence, strategic marketing alignment, experimental marketing innovation, and marketing mix flexibility. The results indicated that marketing flexibility has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance (β=0.595β=0.595). Furthermore, all its dimensions, including marketing mix flexibility (β=0.555β=0.555), experimental marketing innovation (β=0.412β=0.412), marketing analytical intelligence (β=0.331β=0.331), and strategic marketing alignment (β=0.324β=0.324), exert a positive and significant influence on marketing performance. These results suggest that developing flexibility capabilities in decision-making, innovation, and adjusting the marketing mix can lead to improved marketing performance for service businesses in dynamic and high-risk markets such as Iraq.
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